Please Note
For physical and electronic books, provide the DOI if one is given
A digital object identifier (DOI) is a combination of letters and numbers string assigned by a registration agency (the International DOI Foundation) to identify content. The publisher assigns a DOI when your article is published and made available electronically.
It is recommended that when DOIs are available, include them for both print and electronic sources. The DOI is usually located on the first page of the electronic journal article, near the copyright notice. The DOI can also be found on the database landing page for the article.
example
Journal
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pages. https://doi.org/xxxxx
Pashkova-Balkenhol, Lenker, Cox & Kocevar-Weidinger. (2019). Should we flip the script?: A literature review of deficit-based perspectives on first-year undergraduate students’ information literacy. Journal of Information Literacy, 13(2), pp. 92-111. http://dx.doi.org/10.11645/13.2.2619
Ebook
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publisher. https://doi
Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000
For example:
In-text citation
( Author, n.d.)
(Southey, n.d.)
eBooks come in a variety of formats (e.g., Kindle, Adobe Digital Editions, EPub, HTML, and more) and can be read on a variety of devices (e.g., e-readers like the Kindle, Nook, and Sony Reader, as well as on personal computers and mobile devices through online portals such as NetLibrary, ebrary, and Google Books).
Do not include database information or the URL if an article is from a database (American Psychological Association, 2020, p. 317). Academic database information is now left out as works are widely available (American Psychological Association, 2019, para. 5). Do include a URL if the eBook is from a website outside of a database.
In-text citation
For in-text citations of paraphrased material, provide the author and date.
(Author, Year)
Author (Year)
(Penner, 2013)
Penner (2013)
Direct quotation, also provide page numbers if the e-book has page numbers.
(Author, Year, p. x).
(Penner, 2013, p. 5).
If there are no page numbers, apply the following conventions:
Reference list
eBook with a DOI
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publisher. https://doi
Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000
eBook without a DOI
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publisher.
Dynes, R. (2017). Positive communication: Activities to reduce isolation and improve the wellbeing of older adults. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
eBook from a website
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publisher if different from author. https://xxx
World Health Organisation Regional Office for South-East Asia. (2017). Pocket book of hospital care for mothers. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/258716