A digital object identifier (DOI) is a combination of letters and numbers string assigned by a registration agency (the International DOI Foundation) to identify content. The publisher assigns a DOI when your article is published and made available electronically.
It is recommended that when DOIs are available, include them for both print and electronic sources. The DOI is usually located on the first page of the electronic journal article, near the copyright notice. The DOI can also be found on the database landing page for the article.
example
Journal
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume(issue), pp. xxx-xxx. https://doi.org/xxxxx
Pashkova-Balkenhol, T., Lenker, M., Cox, E., & Kocevar-Weidinger, E. (2019). Journal of Information Literacy, 13(2), 92-111. https://dx.doi.org/10.11645/13.2.2619
Ebook
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of book. Publisher. https://doi
Brown, L. S. (2018). Feminist therapy (2nd ed.). American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000092-000
For example:
In-text citation
( Author, n.d.)
(Southey, n.d.)
APA Citation Style does not have a separate category for government publications. According to APA, government documents can be considered books, technical or research reports or brochures.
Helpful tips:
In-text citation
Note: Use a page number when quoting directly
Author Surname OR Name of Government Organization (Year, page number)
(Author, Year) OR (Name of Government Organization, Year)
(Gilmore et al., 1999, p. 5)
Gilmore et al. (1999)
Reference list
Author, A. A. (Year of publication).Title of report (Report number). Publisher. https://doi.org
Author, A. A. (Year of publication).Title of work [Description]. Publisher. http://xxxxx
Government agency. (Year of publication).Title of work [Description]. Publisher.
Office of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner. (1996). Indigenous Deaths in Custody 1989 - 1996. Australian Human Rights Commission. http://www.hreoc.gov.au/social_justice/publications/deaths_custody/index.html
Swain, S. (2014). History of Australian inquiries reviewing institutions providing care for children [Research report]. The Royal Commission into Institutional Responses to Child Sexual Abuse. https://www.childabuseroyalcommission.gov.au/research
In-text citation
(Corporate Author, Year)
The inquest into the death of Shane Paul Krog (Queensland Courts, 2012) found that the death was ...
Reference List
Corporate Author. (Year of publication). Title of work (Report number). Publisher if different from author. htttps//:xxxxx
Queensland Courts. (2012). Inquest into the death of Shane Paul Krog (File No. COR 2006/61).
http://www.courts.qld.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0010/167068/cif-krog-sp-20120813.pdf
In-text citation
(Author, Year)
(Australian Bureau of Statistics [ABS], 2016)
Second and subsequent citations (ABS, 2016)
Note: Leave out the publisher if the author and the publisher are the same.
Reference list
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of publication (Number of report). Publisher.
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Title of publication (Number of report). http://xxx
Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2016). ABS Geospatial web services user guide (cat no. 1470.0).
Australian Bureau of Statistics. (2016). Employment in renewable energy activities, Australia, 2015-2016. (no. 4631.0). https://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/allprimarymainfeatures/3178C2EE6B3FA854CA2583DE00209DB8?opendocument
In-text citation
(Author, Year of publication)
(Standards Australia, 2015)
Note: If publisher and author are the same, omit publisher from reference element.
Reference list
Author, A. A. (Year of publication). Standard name (standard number) [Standard]. htttps//:xxxxx
Standards Australia. (2003). Slide fasteners (AS 2332-2003) [Standard]. https://subscriptions-techstreet-com.tafeqld.idm.oclc.org/products/807845
Standards Australia. (2015). Methods of sampling and testing mortar for masonry constructions (AS 2701-2001) [Standard]. https://www.standards.org.au/standards-catalogue/sa-snz/building/bd-004/as--2701-2001