Justice

Citations and abbreviations are used in law practice and study. Understanding industry citations and abbreviations is an important skill for justice students.

Primary Sources 

Cases:

Parties' names in italics | [Year] | Court abbreviation | Starting page 

Example:  Guilfoyle v Wicks [2020] QMC 11                                                                       QMC = Queensland Magistrates Court

OR

Parties' names in italics | (Year) | Volume | Law Report abbreviation | Starting page | Pinpoint.

Example:  Alati v Kruger (1955) 94 CLR 216, 218.                                                              CLR = Commonwealth Law Report

To search for cases enter just the Parties section or omit it from the rest of the citation: 

So either:            Guilfoyle v Wicks                 OR                 [2020] QMC 11 

OR

So either:            Alati v Kruger                       OR                 (1955) 94 CLR 216

Treaties:

Treaty Title in italics | Parties' Names | Date Opened for Signature OR signed day month year | Treaty Series | Enter into Force | Art OR Pinpoint

Example:  Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, opened for signature 9 December 1948, 78 UNTS 277 (entered into force 12 January 1951) art 4.

• RULE:              Names of states parties with more than three signatories should not be included after the treaty title.

Abbreviations:

TS = Treaty Series

TIF = Treaty In Force

TIAS = Treaties & Other International Acts Series

ATS = Australian Treaty Series

ATNIF = Australian Treaty Not In Force

ETS =  European Treaty Series

CTS =  Consolidated Treaty Series

To search for specific treaties enter the Treaty Series section: 

Example:  78 UNTS 277